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''Not to be confused with the island Kikaijima nor the town on it Kikai, Kagoshima'' is a massive, mostly submerged caldera up to in diameter in the Ōsumi Islands of Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. It is the remains of the ancient eruption of a gigantic volcano. Kikai Caldera was the source of the Akahoya eruption, one of the largest eruptions during the Holocene (10,000 years ago to present). About 6,300 years ago, pyroclastic flows from that eruption reached the coast of southern Kyūshū up to away, and ash fell as far as Hokkaidō. The eruption produced about 150 km³ of tephra,〔(Kikai - Eruptive history ), Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution.〕 giving it a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 7〔Johnston, Eric, "(Latest volcano show: Shinmoe )", ''Japan Times'', 1 March 2011, p. 3.〕 and making it one of the most explosive in the last 10,000 years, ranking alongside Santorini, Changbaishan, Crater Lake, Kurile Lake and Tambora.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Large Volcano Explocivity Index )〕 Kikai is still an active volcano. Minor eruptions occur frequently on , one of the post-caldera subaerial volcanic peaks on . Iōjima is one of three volcanic islands, two of which lie on the caldera rim. The most recent eruptions occurred in 2013. ==Further reading== * 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kikai Caldera」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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